Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

æ
þ

ÆT

(prep.)
Grammar
ÆT, prep.

AT ⬩ to ⬩ before ⬩ next ⬩ with ⬩ in ⬩ for ⬩ against ⬩ apud ⬩ juxta ⬩ prope ⬩ ante ⬩ ad ⬩ in ⬩ contra ⬩ Of ⬩ from ⬩ a ⬩ ab ⬩ de ⬩ To ⬩ unto ⬩ as far as ⬩ ad ⬩ usque ⬩ ad

Entry preview:

Æt his sylfes múþe at or from his own mouth. Bd. 3, 27; S. 558, 40. Æt ðam wífe from the woman, Cd. 33; Th. 44, 31; Gen. 717. Ic gebád grynna æt Grendle I endured snares from Grendel, Beo. Th. 1864; B. 930: Ps.

Linked entries: æt-eom æt-gebicgan æt-gebrengan æt- æt-swymman

hlehhan

(v.)
Grammar
hlehhan, hlæhan, hlihhan, hlichan, hlihan. hlihgan; p. hlóh; pl. hlógan

To LAUGH [with gladness or contempt], ⬩ to deride

Entry preview:

Mid hlihendum múþe with a smile on his lips, Homl. Th ; Elen. Kmbl. 1986; El. 995. Ðǽm hlæhendum ridentibus, Lk. Skt. 5, 7

Linked entries: a-hlehhan hlichan hlihan

elles

(adj.)

otherwise ⬩ differently ⬩ elsewhere ⬩ else ⬩ else

Entry preview:

Ben. 34, 13, Negehýrde nǽnig man on his múþe óht elles nefne Crístes lof, Bl. H. 223, 36. Wæs se bigleofa gemétt and nán ðing elles, Hml. Th. i. 76, 19. Hé elles nán þincg ne cwǽð, Hml. S. 23 b, 616.

singan

(v.)
Grammar
singan, p. sang, song, pl. sungon ; pp. sungen
Entry preview:

Th. 307, 11 ; Seef. 22. of inanimate resonant objects Ic þurh múþ sprece, wrencum singe, Exon. Th. 390, 15 ; Rä. 9, 2. Wiht is wrætlíc, singeþ þurh sídan, 483, 13 ; Rä. 69, 2.

be-lúcan

(v.)
Entry preview:

His múþ and his næsþyrla beóþ belocene. Bl. H. 59, 14. to close a road, door, &c., prevent passage through Hé sylf him belícð þǽre forgifenysse weg mid his heardheortnysse, Hml. Th. i. 500, 19.

ge-openian

(v.)
Entry preview:

., an enclosed space, render passage possible into an enclosed place Ic geopnige mínne múþ, Ps. L. 77, 2. Heofonan mid worde þú geopenast, Hy. S. 106, 3. Hí geopenodon heora hordfatu, Hml. Th. i. 78, 27.

grǽdig

Entry preview:

Ox. 1475. (3 a) figuratively :-- Grǽdigum múþes ceáflum ambronis (taken to be dat. pl.) orci, i. mortis faucibus, An. Ox. 836. <b>I a.

slítan

(v.)
Grammar
slítan, p. slát, pl. sliton; pp. sliten

To slit, tear, rend ⬩ to tear a garment ⬩ rend ⬩ to tear, split, rend, cleave, divide ⬩ to tear, rend, as an animal does with the teeth or feet, a bird with its beak, ⬩ to tear, bite ⬩ irritate ⬩ to tear ⬩ to destroy, waste, consume ⬩ to carp at, back-bite ⬩ to tear ⬩ attero ⬩ to tear, split ⬩ to tear, break ⬩ scindere, lacerare, laniare, lacessere, saevire, delere ⬩ to slit, tear, break

Entry preview:

Ða wyrmas mid ðæm scillum gelíce mid ðé múþe eorþan sliton and tǽron oribus scamisque humum atterentes Nar. 14, 12. Gif hund slíte Lchdm. ii. 92, 10. Hié (lions and bears) noldon slítan hý (St. Tecla ) Shrn. 133, 10. Gesáwon fuglas slítan Cd.

Linked entries: suto be-slítan slite sliten slítend-líc slítere slítness slitol slítung

for-

(prefix)
Grammar
for-, is used in composition in Anglo-Saxon exactly as the English for: it often deteriorates, or gives an opposite sense, or gives strength to the words before which it is placed; in which case it may be compared with Gothic fra-, Dutch and German ver- [different from the Dutch voor, and German vor]. Forbeódan to forbid; fordéman to condemn; forcúþ perverse, corrupt; fordón to destroy, to do for. — Sometimes fór denotes an increase of the signification of the word before which it is placed, and is then generally to be in English very; valde, as fó;r-eáde very easily,
  • Homl. Th. ii. 138, 35
: fór-oft very often,
  • Bd. de nat. rerum
    • ;
  • Wrt. popl. science 11, 8
    • ;
  • Lchdm. iii. 256, 16.
For- and fór-, or fóre- are often confounded, though they are very different in meaning; as forseón [Flem. versien] to overlook, despise; fór- or fóreseón [Flem. veursien] to foresee. — If a word, having for, fór or fóre prefixed, cannot be found under for-, fór- or fóre-, it must be sought under the simple term, and the sense of the preposition added; thus, fór- or fóre-sendan is from sendan to send, and fór-, fóre before, to send before, etc. [On the vowel in for, fore, see remark in the preface.]

Linked entries: scrífan scyldigian síðian -witol -wríþan stalian swelgan swígan swigian swíðan syngian trúwian þeahtung þeón þingian meltan myrþrian nefa pyndan of-drincan -sáwenlic scirian seáþ -wyrpness setness -sewen -sewenlic -sewenlíce -sewenness síþ stregdan teón treddan trúwung weorþan manig micel nǽman neáh irman þrǽstness witig wlencan wrégan wundian wyrht brítan fær- feallan fyllan gǽgan gǽgednes

wóh

(adj.)
Grammar
wóh, adj.

not straight ⬩ bent ⬩ crooked ⬩ twisted ⬩ oblique ⬩ not right ⬩ perverse ⬩ froward ⬩ wrong ⬩ unfair

Entry preview:

Wiþ wóuum múþe, genim ompran . . . sele on ðone wón dǽl, ii. 54, 22, Wón obunca (arpagine), Anglia xiii. 37, 296. Tó dam wón stocce. Cod. Dip. Kmbl. ii. 73, 22. Tó ðære wóhgan apeldran, iii. 389, 32. Tó wóhan (wógan, v. l.) ǽc, Cod. Dip.

of

(prep.; adv.)
Grammar
of, prep. with dat., or adv.

Of ⬩ from ⬩ out of ⬩ off ⬩ as regards ⬩ about

Entry preview:

Hé wæs of cilda múþe gecnáwen and weorþad, Blickl. Homl. 71, 33. denoting the instrument Weorþian wé ða cláþas his hádes, of ðǽm wæs úre gecynd geedneówod, 11, 9. Hé of .v. hláfon and of twám fixum fíf þúsend manna gefylde, St.

Linked entry: ob

leahter

(n.)
Grammar
leahter, es; m.

a crime ⬩ fault ⬩ offence ⬩ sin ⬩ vice ⬩ disgraceful ⬩ reproach ⬩ opprobrium ⬩ blame ⬩ disgrace ⬩ disease ⬩ disorder ⬩ hurt ⬩ malady

Entry preview:

Wið leahtras ðæs múþes for blotches of the mouth, Herb. 145, 3; Lchdm. i. 268, 13. Wið misenlíce leahtras ðæs bæcþearmas, 165, 3; Lchdm. i. 294, 15

Linked entry: lehter

ge-hlýd

Entry preview:

Add: sound made by the voice, a cry Gif se sácerd bið ungerád ðæs láreówdórnes, hwæt forstent his gehlýd sacerdos si praedicationis est nescins, quam clamoris vocem daturus est praeco mutus? Past. 91, 25. <b>I a.

má

(adv.)
Grammar
má, <b>, mǽ;</b> adv.

More ⬩ rather ⬩ further

Entry preview:

Má of heora múþe hit ne eode it (water) no longer came out of its mouth, Blickl. Homl. 247, 9. Sægdon ðæt hí nó má ne mihton swencte beón they said that they could not be troubled any more, Bd. 1, 12; S. 481, 3.

hogian

(v.)
Grammar
hogian, p. ode

To employ the mind, ⬩ to think, ⬩ mind, ⬩ consider, ⬩ know, ⬩ understand, ⬩ care, ⬩ be solicitous or anxious, ⬩ to purpose, ⬩ strive, ⬩ intend, ⬩ be intent on, ⬩ resolve

Entry preview:

Hí hine lufedan leáse múþe ne ðæs on heortan hogedan áwiht dilexerunt eum in ore suo, et lingua sua mentiti sunt ei, 77, 35. Ðæt hí ðý læs ymb fleám hogodan minus posse fugam meditari, Bd. 3, 18; S. 546, 26.

Linked entries: hogcende hycgan be-hogian ge-hugod

BE

(prep.)
Grammar
BE, [abbreviated from big = bí, q. v.]; prep. dat. and instr.

BY ⬩ near to ⬩ to ⬩ at ⬩ in ⬩ on ⬩ upon ⬩ about ⬩ with ⬩ juxta ⬩ prope ⬩ ad ⬩ secus ⬩ in ⬩ cum ⬩ of ⬩ from ⬩ about ⬩ touching ⬩ concerning ⬩ de ⬩ quoad ⬩ for ⬩ because of ⬩ after ⬩ by ⬩ through ⬩ according to ⬩ pro ⬩ propter ⬩ er ⬩ secundum ⬩ beside ⬩ out of ⬩ e ⬩ ex

Entry preview:

Ne leofaþ se man be hláfe ánum, ac be ǽlcon worde, ðe of Godes múþe gǽþ non in solo pane vivit homo, sed in omni verbo, quod procedit de ore Dei, Mt. Bos. 4, 4.

Linked entries: bí be-hlæstan be-strídan be-tǽcung bi big bii

mǽl

(n.)
Grammar
mǽl, mál, mél, es; n. m. (?)

a measure ⬩ a mark ⬩ sign ⬩ cross ⬩ crucifix ⬩ fixed, suitable, appointed time ⬩ season ⬩ occasion ⬩ the time for eating ⬩ a meal

Entry preview:

Múþa gehwylc mete þearf mǽl sceolon tídum gongan every mouth needs meat; meals must there be at times, Exon. 91 a; Th. 341, 13; Gn. Ex. 125

Linked entries: mál grǽg-mǽl fót-mǽlum

fóran

(prep.; adv.)
Grammar
fóran, prep. adv.

Before ⬩ in front ⬩ in front ⬩ in front ⬩ before all ⬩ opposite ⬩ over against ⬩ Before ⬩ Beforehand ⬩ before ⬩ before ⬩ Before ⬩ in front of

Entry preview:

On þǽm wintregum tídum wyrþ se múþa fordrifen foran from þǽm windum, Ors. l, I; S. 12, 34. Gemétton wé ús ǽghwanon storm foran onsettende inuenimus nos undigueuersum tempestate praeclusos, Bd. 5, l; Sch. 552, 10.

Linked entries: fóran-onsettende fóran-to

Beda

(n.)
Grammar
Beda, an; m.

Venerable Bede

Entry preview:

. - He gives the following account of himself, according to king Alfred's Anglo-Saxon version, made about 890 Ic Beda, Cristes þeów, and Mæsse-Preóst ðæs Mynstres ðare eádigra Apostola Petrus and Paulus, ðæt is æt Wira-múþan [Wearmouth] and on Gyrwum

HRÓF

(n.)
Grammar
HRÓF, es; m.

A ROOF ⬩ the top ⬩ summit

Entry preview:

Góma vel hróf ðæs múþes palatum vel uranon, Ælfc. Gl. 71; Som. 70, 106; Wrt. Voc. 43, 35. Hróf camara, 290, 2. Se hróf hæfde mislíce heáhnysse the roof was not all of one height, Homl. Th. i. 508, 18.

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