Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

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DREÁM

(n.)
Grammar
DREÁM, es; m.

joy, pleasure, gladness, mirth, rejoicing, rapture, ecstasy, frenzy ⬩ jubĭlum, lætĭtia, gaudium, delīrium ⬩ An instrument of music, music, rapturous music, harmony, melody, ⬩ orgănum = όργανoν, musĭca, concentus, harmŏnia = άρμoνία, modulātio, modus, melōdia = μελωδία, cantus

Entry preview:

Sǽde se engel ðæt se dreám wǽre of ðam upplícum werode the angel said that the melody was from the celestial host, Homl. Th. ii. 342, 10: Exon. 52 a; Th. 181, 9; Gú. 1290.

Linked entries: dríme drýme drýming ge-dríme drím

hyht

(n.)
Grammar
hyht, es; m. [f. Ps. Th. 77, 53.]

Hope ⬩ joyous expectation ⬩ joy

Entry preview:

Beón ða ofdrǽdde ða ðe sint ofsette mid flǽsclícum lustum, and nabbaþ nǽnne hiht tó engla werode let those be afraid that are oppressed with fleshly lusts and have nothing to hope for from the angelic host, Homl. Th. i. 222, 29.

Linked entry: hiht

ge-sécan

(v.)
Grammar
ge-sécan, -sécean; to -sǽcanne, -sécenne; part. -sécende, ic -séce, ðú -sécest -sécst, he -séceþ, -sécþ, pl. -sécaþ; p. -sóhte, pl. -sóhton ; pp. -sóht; v. a.

to seek, inquire, ask for ⬩ quærere, requirere, inquirere ⬩ to seek, go to, approach, look for, visit, come to ⬩ adire, ire vel proficisci, aliquo vel ad aliquem, visitare, venire, pervenire aliquo ⬩ to seek with hostile intention, to persecute, afflict, invade ⬩ hostiliter aggredi, invadere, corripere ⬩ to seek; go to, visit ⬩ ire, proficisci ⬩ to appoint, dispose, beset ⬩ exigere, disponere

Entry preview:

Ðæt he ðone wíd-flogan weorode gesóhte that he should seek the dragon [wide-flier] with a host, 4682; B. 2346. Geáta leóde gesóhton Gúþscilfingas the people of the Goths sought the warlike Scylfings, 5845; B. 2926: 4414; B. 2204. Gesóht; pp.

Linked entries: ge-sahte ge-soecan

scín-lác

(n.)
Grammar
scín-lác, es; n.
Entry preview:

Næs his scínlác ne his hergiung on ða fremdan áne ac hé gelíce slóg and hiénde ða ðe him wǽron mid farende nec minor ejus (Alexander) in suos crudelitas, quam in hostem rabies fuit , Ors. 3, 9 ; Swt. 130, 19.

on-týnan

(v.)

to open ⬩ of places or things, ⬩ to make an opening in ⬩ to open, allow to burst forth ⬩ to open so as to admit of ingress or egress ⬩ to open (a door) ⬩ to open the mouth, lips, to speak ⬩ to open the eyes (one's own), to look, (another's), to give sight to ⬩ to open the ears, to listen to a person ⬩ to disclose, reveal, display

Entry preview:

Forðæm wæs gecweden tó ðæm lytegan feónde ðe ðæs ǽrestan monnes mód ontýnde on ðæs æples gewilnunge unde hosti callido, qui primi hominis sensum in concupiscentia pomi aperuit, Past. 43, 2; Swt. 309, 17. Þín tunge ontýnde fácn, Ps. Th. 49, 20.

Linked entries: a-týnan un-týnan on-ténan

hlóþ

(n.)
Grammar
hlóþ, e; f.

spoil, ⬩ booty ⬩ a band, ⬩ troop, ⬩ company, ⬩ gang, ⬩ crew, ⬩ body of robbers ⬩ the crime of taking part in the action of a hlóþ

Entry preview:

Mycle hlóþe þurh his láre and fulluhte ðam ealdan feónde áfyrde magnas antiquo hosti prædas docendo et baptizando eripuit, 2, 20; S. 522, 22. a band, troop, company, gang, crew, body of robbers Þeófas wé hátaþ óþ vii men from vii hlóþ óþ xxxv siððan

Linked entries: hlóþ-bót hlóþ-sliht

láf

(n.)
Grammar
láf, e; f.

remnant ⬩ remains ⬩ relic ⬩ remainder ⬩ rest ⬩ lave ⬩ legacy ⬩ heirloom ⬩ a relict ⬩ widow

Entry preview:

Betǽcan eów on hǽðenra hand heries láfe to deliver you into the hands of the heathen, all that is left of or by a host, Wulfst. 295, 20. Sumes þinges láfe reliquiæ, Ælfc. Gr. 13; Som. 16, 19. Láfa árleásra forwurþaþ reliquiæ impiorum interibunt, Ps.

Linked entries: lǽf tó

GÁST

(n.)
Grammar
GÁST, gǽst, es; m.

the breath ⬩ hālĭtus ⬩ spīrāmen ⬩ the spirit ⬩ soul ⬩ GHOST ⬩ spīrĭtus ⬩ anĭmus ⬩ ănĭma

Entry preview:

Bidde ic weoroda God, ðæt ic gást mínne agifan móte I pray [thee] God of hosts, that I may give up my spirit, Andr. Kmbl. 2831; An. 1418; Salm. Kmbl. 110; Sal. 54 : Menol. Fox 340; Men. 171 : Elen. Kmbl. 958; El. 480.

Linked entries: góst gaast gǽst gǽst

swingan

(v.)
Grammar
swingan, p. swang, pl. swungon; pp. swungen.
Entry preview:

to swinge, flog, beat, scourge, literal Ðás cild ic swinge hos pueros flagello, Ælfc. Gr. 7, Zup. 23, 21. Ic swinge verbero, ic eom beswungen ver*-*beror, 5 ; Zup. 9, 4. Gif hwylc wíf hire wífman swingþ (flagellis verberavit), L. Ecg.

wóh

(n.)
Grammar
wóh, gen. wóges, wós; dot. wóge, wó; n.

Wrong ⬩ perversity ⬩ injustice ⬩ error ⬩ wrongfully ⬩ wrongly

Entry preview:

Gif wé wilnigen ðæt hie ðæs wós geswícen hos cum conamur instruere, ne perversa sentiatit, Past. 48; Swt. 367, 23. Wóes ł wohfulníse nequitia. Mt. Kmbl. Lind. 22, 18. Ic him wolde fylstan tó ryhte and nǽfre tó nánan wó, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. ii. 134, 10.

Linked entries: wó wóg wóh-dáed wóh-dóm wóh-gestreón wóh-god on-wóh á-wóh

hínan

to humble ⬩ humiliate ⬩ degrade ⬩ insult ⬩ to conquer ⬩ subject ⬩ o oppress ⬩ afflict ⬩ to lay low ⬩ destroy ⬩ to lay waste ⬩ destroy ⬩ to accuse

Entry preview:

Hé ofslóg Amintas and his bróðor and Parmenion and Filiotes . . . and monege óþre . . . and Clitus nec minor ejus in suos crudelitas, quam in hostem rabies fuit.

Linked entries: hýnan hénan hinend

for-

(prefix)
Grammar
for-, is used in composition in Anglo-Saxon exactly as the English for: it often deteriorates, or gives an opposite sense, or gives strength to the words before which it is placed; in which case it may be compared with Gothic fra-, Dutch and German ver- [different from the Dutch voor, and German vor]. Forbeódan to forbid; fordéman to condemn; forcúþ perverse, corrupt; fordón to destroy, to do for. — Sometimes fór denotes an increase of the signification of the word before which it is placed, and is then generally to be in English very; valde, as fó;r-eáde very easily,
  • Homl. Th. ii. 138, 35
: fór-oft very often,
  • Bd. de nat. rerum
    • ;
  • Wrt. popl. science 11, 8
    • ;
  • Lchdm. iii. 256, 16.
For- and fór-, or fóre- are often confounded, though they are very different in meaning; as forseón [Flem. versien] to overlook, despise; fór- or fóreseón [Flem. veursien] to foresee. — If a word, having for, fór or fóre prefixed, cannot be found under for-, fór- or fóre-, it must be sought under the simple term, and the sense of the preposition added; thus, fór- or fóre-sendan is from sendan to send, and fór-, fóre before, to send before, etc. [On the vowel in for, fore, see remark in the preface.]

Linked entries: scrífan scyldigian síðian -witol -wríþan stalian swelgan swígan swigian swíðan syngian trúwian þeahtung þeón þingian meltan myrþrian nefa pyndan of-drincan -sáwenlic scirian seáþ -wyrpness setness -sewen -sewenlic -sewenlíce -sewenness síþ stregdan teón treddan trúwung weorþan manig micel nǽman neáh irman þrǽstness witig wlencan wrégan wundian wyrht brítan fær- feallan fyllan gǽgan gǽgednes

seón

(v.)
Grammar
seón, p. seah, pl. sáwon, sǽgon, ségon ; pp. sewen, sawen.
Entry preview:

Th. 5428; B. 2717. to see, to visit Nǽnig cépa ne seah (geseah, Bt. 15; Fox 48, 13) ellendne wearod nondum nova litora viderat hospes, Met. 8, 29. Hát in gán seón sibbegedriht, Beo. Th. 779; B. 387.

wanian

(v.; adj.)
Grammar
wanian, p. ode. I. trans.
Entry preview:

Hé bebeád ðæt mon nǽnne mon ne slóge, and eác ðæt man nánuht ne wanade ne ne yfelade ðæs ðe on ðǽm ciricum wǽre dato prae*-*cepto, ut si qui in sancta loca confugissent, hos inviolatos securosque esse sinerent, Ors. 6, 38 ; Swt. 296, 32. (3 a) to weaken

Linked entry: a-wanian

wís

(adj.)
Grammar
wís, adj.

wise ⬩ discreet ⬩ judicious ⬩ cunning ⬩ wise ⬩ learned ⬩ skilled ⬩ expert ⬩ known

Entry preview:

Unrihtwíse habbaþ on hospe ða ðe him sindon rihtes wísran, Met. 4, 45. Eorðcyninga se wísesta (Solomon ) Cd. Th. 202, 24; Exod. 393. Tómiddes ðara wietena ðe wísoste wǽron, in medio doctorum, Past. 49; Swt. 385, 22.

tǽlan

(v.)
Grammar
tǽlan, p. de.

to blame, rebuke, reprove, reproach, censure, accuse. ⬩ to blame a person for what is wrong ⬩ to blame what is wrong in a person ⬩ to speak evil of, blaspheme, revile, slander, calumniate, backbite ⬩ to treat with contempt, to scorn, despise, insult, mock, deride, jeer at

Entry preview:

Ða unrihtwísan tǽlaþ (cf. habbaþ on hospe, Met. 4, 44) ða rihtwísan, Bt. 4; Fox 8, 15. Tǽlde hé Rómáne and hié swíþe bismrade mid his wordum Romam infami satis notavit elogio, Ors. 5, 7; Swt. 228, 19. Télde ( sprevit ) hine Heródes, Lk. Skt. Lind.

Linked entries: télan be-tilldon

freónd

Entry preview:

. ¶ in contrast with feónd :-- Of þǽm feóndscipe þe ús ǽr betweónum wæs, ꝥ hé seoððan wæs mé freónd factus amicus ex hoste, Nar. 19, 21. Feónd on freóndes anlícnesse. Bt. 29, 2; F. 106, 15. Freónde ne feónde, Met. 25, 16.

þolian

(v.)
Grammar
þolian, p. ode
Entry preview:

Hí hosp þoliaþ contumeliam toleravit, Hpt. Gl. 506, 25. Þú þoladest ferres, i. sustinebas, contuleras, Wrt. Voc. ii. 147, 55. Ðú þolades mægenearfeþu, Exon. Th. 86, 19; Cri. 1411. David his éhtnesse ðolade, Past. 28; Swt. 197, 17.

ge-sceád

Entry preview:

Ágyldan Gode full gesceád for úrum dǽdum, Angl. viii. 336, 37. argument, reasoning Clemens þám hǽðenum leódum gelícode, for ðan ðe hé mid hospe heora godas ne gebysmrode, ac mid bóclicum gesceáde him geswutelode hwæt hí wǽron, Hml. Th. i. 558, 14

grétan

(v.)
Grammar
grétan, to greet.
Entry preview:

Of þǽre tíde þá werigan gástas hine mid nǽnige ege ne mid geswencednesse grétan dorstan neque aliquid ex eo tempore nocturni timoris aut uexationis ab antiquo hoste pertulit, Bd. 3, 11; Sch. 242, 20: Gú. 348.

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