Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

æ
þ

rýman

(v.)
Grammar
rýman, de.

to make roomy, extend, spread, enlarge,amplify ⬩ to clear a way ⬩ yield, give place

Entry preview:

.: hryme, hnime, other MSS.)caedo (cf. Wot no mon þe time wanne he sal(cf. Wot no mon þe time wanne he sal henne rimen, O. E. Misc. 113, 170), Ælfc. Gr. 28, 4; Zup. 171, 9. Se óðer rýmþ him setl, Homl. Th. i. 248, 17. Rúmaþ, steppaþ cedunt, Wrt.

Linked entry: rúmaþ

hleóðrian

(v.)
Grammar
hleóðrian, p. ode

To sound, ⬩ make a sound [with the voice], ⬩ to speak, ⬩ sing, ⬩ cry, ⬩ exclaim, ⬩ resound

Entry preview:

To sound, make a sound [with the voice], to speak, sing, cry, exclaim, resound: — Drihten hleóðraþ of heofonum and se hýhsta syleþ his stefne intonuit de cælo Dominus et altissimus dedit vocem suam, Bd. 4, 3; S. 569, 19: Ps. Spl. 17, 15.

FUGEL

(n.)
Grammar
FUGEL, fugol, fugul; gen. fugeles, fugles; m.

A bird ⬩ FOWL ⬩ ăvis ⬩ āles

Entry preview:

Behealdaþ heofonan fuglas respĭcĭte volātĭlia cæli, Mt. Bos. 6, 26: Cd. 65; Th. 78, 26; Gen. 1299

Linked entries: fen-fugelas fugol fugul

ge-openian

(v.)
Entry preview:

Se preóst nolde undón þá duru mid cǽge, ac se bisceop hí geopenade mid his worde, Hml. S. 3, 485. Geopena ongeán mé lífes geat, Hml.

sumer-lida

(n.)
Grammar
sumer-lida, an; m. [Lida, like the equivalent Icel. liði in sumar-liði, elsewhere refers to a single object, man or ship (v. lida, sǽ-, ýð-lida), but in the passage given below from the Chronicle seems to mean a fleet. Later in the same work liþ (q. v.), which seems taken from the Scandinavians, is used in this sense, e. g. ðæt lið ðæt on Sandwíc læg, 1052; Erl. 183, 40, can sumer-lida be intended to represent Norse sumar-lið? In one other place sumer-lida occurs, in company with words relating to the sea, and it there glosses malleolus; but here perhaps sumer-loda should be read, and malleolus be taken in the sense shoot, twig (see spæc); cf. O. H. Ger. sumar-lota, -lata virgultum, palmes. v. Anglia xiii. 330.]
Entry preview:

A summer fleet, one that sets forth in summer and returns in autumn Æfter ðissum gefeohte cuom micel sumorlida (tó Reádingum, MS. E.), Chr. 871; Erl. 74, 35. [Steenstrup takes the word to mean a force moving from its quarters in England, and leaving

HRÓF

(n.)
Grammar
HRÓF, es; m.

A ROOF ⬩ the top ⬩ summit

Entry preview:

Of hé[um] heofnes hrófe ex summa cæli arce, Rtl. 101, 24. Hé gescóp eorþan bearnum heofon tó [h]rófe qui filiis hominum cælum pro culmine tecti creavit, Bd. 4, 24; S. 597, 22.

cneóres

(n.)
Grammar
cneóres, cneórys, cneóris, cneórnis, -ress, e; f.

A generation ⬩ posterity ⬩ race ⬩ tribe ⬩ family; ⬩ generatio ⬩ posteritas ⬩ gens ⬩ tribus ⬩ familia

Entry preview:

Ðás sind ðære heofenan and ðære eorþan cneórnisse istæ sunt generationes cæli et terræ Gen. 2, 4. Ðás sind Noes cneórnissa hæ sunt generationes Noe Gen. 6, 9. Ða on cneóressum cýðed syndan they are known to generations Ps. Th. 101, 16.

Linked entries: cneóris cneórnis cneórys

for-

(prefix)
Grammar
for-, is used in composition in Anglo-Saxon exactly as the English for: it often deteriorates, or gives an opposite sense, or gives strength to the words before which it is placed; in which case it may be compared with Gothic fra-, Dutch and German ver- [different from the Dutch voor, and German vor]. Forbeódan to forbid; fordéman to condemn; forcúþ perverse, corrupt; fordón to destroy, to do for. — Sometimes fór denotes an increase of the signification of the word before which it is placed, and is then generally to be in English very; valde, as fó;r-eáde very easily,
  • Homl. Th. ii. 138, 35
: fór-oft very often,
  • Bd. de nat. rerum
    • ;
  • Wrt. popl. science 11, 8
    • ;
  • Lchdm. iii. 256, 16.
For- and fór-, or fóre- are often confounded, though they are very different in meaning; as forseón [Flem. versien] to overlook, despise; fór- or fóreseón [Flem. veursien] to foresee. — If a word, having for, fór or fóre prefixed, cannot be found under for-, fór- or fóre-, it must be sought under the simple term, and the sense of the preposition added; thus, fór- or fóre-sendan is from sendan to send, and fór-, fóre before, to send before, etc. [On the vowel in for, fore, see remark in the preface.]

Linked entries: scrífan scyldigian síðian -witol -wríþan stalian swelgan swígan swigian swíðan syngian trúwian þeahtung þeón þingian meltan myrþrian nefa pyndan of-drincan -sáwenlic scirian seáþ -wyrpness setness -sewen -sewenlic -sewenlíce -sewenness síþ stregdan teón treddan trúwung weorþan manig micel nǽman neáh irman þrǽstness witig wlencan wrégan wundian wyrht brítan fær- feallan fyllan gǽgan gǽgednes

hiw

(n.)
Grammar
hiw, heow, hiow, heó, es; n.

Shape, ⬩ make, ⬩ form, ⬩ fashion, ⬩ species, ⬩ kind, ⬩ appearance, ⬩ symbol, ⬩ hue, ⬩ colour, ⬩ beauty

Entry preview:

Tócnáwan heofones hiw faciem cæli dijudicare, Mt. Kmbl 16, 3. Scínende hiow and gewǽdu shining face and garments, Homl. Th. ii. 350, 18.

wæl

(n.)
Grammar
wæl, es; n.

the slain ⬩ the dead ⬩ a number of slain, ⬩ a single corpse ⬩ a slain person ⬩ slaughter ⬩ carnage ⬩ destruction

Entry preview:

Mid grimme wæle and herige saeva caede, 4, 15; S. 583, 26. Of wæle strage, occisione, Hpt. Gl. 427, 60. in other connections, destruction Com mycel wæl and monncwyld godcundlíce gesended supervenit clades divinitus missa, Bd. 4, 3; S. 567, 10.

lád-teów

(n.)
Grammar
lád-teów, es; m.

A leader ⬩ guide ⬩ conductor ⬩ general

Entry preview:

Hig synt blinde and blindra látteówas (Lind. látuas) cæci sunt, duces cæcorum, Mt. Kmbl. 15, 14. Wǽron heora látteówas and heretogan twegen gebróðra Hengest and Horsa, Bd. 1, 15; S. 483, 27.

Linked entries: lǽttewestre lǽd-teów láteów látwa

healdan

(v.)
Grammar
healdan, haldan; p. heóld; pp. healden.

to HOLD, keep, grasp, retain, restrain, confine, contain ⬩ to hold, have, possess, occupy, inhabit ⬩ to rule, govern ⬩ to behave, conduct ⬩ to guard, defend, keep, preserve, protect, maintain, sustain, regard, observe, take heed ⬩ to hold out, last, hold on, continue, hold with ⬩ to hold, keep, keep sheep ⬩ servare, custodire

Entry preview:

Hú nytt rehton wé nú and rímdon ða cǽga búton wé eác feáwum wordum ætiéwen hwæt hie healden of what use were it to describe and enumerate the keys, unless in a few words we shew what they lock up, Past. 23; Swt. 178, 12.

Linked entries: a-hyltan healding heald-ness -hilde healdend

open

Entry preview:

Nú þú hæfst ongyten þá wanclan treówa þæs blindan lustes; ðá triówa ðe ðé nú sindon opene, hí sindon git mid manegum óþrum behelede deprehendisti caeci numinis ambiguos vultus.

lust

Entry preview:

Add: : I. pleasure, delight Þú hæfst ongyten þá wonclan trúwa þæs blindan lustes deprehendisti caeci numinis ambiguos vultus, Bt. 7, 2; F. 18, 3.

hwæþer

(con.)
Grammar
hwæþer, conj.
Entry preview:

e caelo an ex hominibis?, Mt. 21, 25: Hml. Th. i. 222, 20 (in Dict.). Ic þé bidde, cwyst þú hwæþer hit tó gelýfenne sý ... hwæþer þe ...? dic, quaero te, numquid nan credendendum est ... an ...?, Gr. D. 146, 1-6. <b>I a.

wiþ

(prep.; adv.)
Grammar
wiþ, prep. (adv. conj. ).

towards ⬩ to ⬩ in the direction of ⬩ towards ⬩ to ⬩ at ⬩ with ⬩ towards ⬩ to ⬩ at ⬩ against ⬩ over against ⬩ opposite to ⬩ against ⬩ from ⬩ by ⬩ near ⬩ against ⬩ beside ⬩ unto ⬩ at ⬩ against ⬩ with ⬩ against ⬩ on ⬩ over against ⬩ opposite ⬩ against ⬩ in the way of ⬩ with. ⬩ with ⬩ part with ⬩ from ⬩ for ⬩ in return for ⬩ as payment for ⬩ for ⬩ in consideration of ⬩ for ⬩ in exchange for ⬩ for ⬩ for ⬩ in reward of ⬩ in return for ⬩ in answer to ⬩ for ⬩ as compensation for ⬩ in consideration of ⬩ in return for ⬩ on condition of ⬩ against ⬩ against ⬩ as a set-off ⬩ by the side of ⬩ compared with ⬩ in contrast with ⬩ with ⬩ to ⬩ with ⬩ with ⬩ against ⬩ to. ⬩ with ⬩ for ⬩ against ⬩ from ⬩ for ⬩ against ⬩ contrary to ⬩ in opposition to. ⬩ with ⬩ at ⬩ against ⬩ beside ⬩ by, ⬩ at ⬩ by ⬩ against ⬩ at ⬩ unto ⬩ with ⬩ from ⬩ for ⬩ with ⬩ against ⬩ to weigh one thing with or against another ⬩ in comparison with ⬩ with ⬩ to ⬩ with a person ⬩ with ⬩ towards ⬩ with ⬩ in respect to ⬩ with ⬩ with ⬩ against ⬩ to ⬩ with ⬩ to. ⬩ against ⬩ from ⬩ for ⬩ against ⬩ contrary to ⬩ against ⬩ by ⬩ through, ⬩ to rest on the arm ⬩ till. ⬩ till ⬩ to ⬩ until

Entry preview:

Grammar wiþ, with gen. determining the direction of motion or action, Grammar wiþ, marking an object towards which motion is directed, towards, to, in the direction of Wende hé hine west wið Exanceastres, Chr. 894; Erl. 91, 10. Rád út wið Lygtúnes, 917

Linked entries: wiþ-faran wiþ-feohtan wiþ-ferian wiþ-fón wiþ-gán wiþ-lǽdan wiþ-standan

níwe

Entry preview:

Caelf niówe vitulum novellum, Ps. Srt. 68, 32. <b>VI a.</b> of articles of food or drink, freshly made, produced, or grown, belonging to the fresh crop or growth :-- Mid neówum ele gemencged, Lch. i. 350, 2.

wendan

(v.)
Grammar
wendan, p. -de

To turn ⬩ To cause to move ⬩ to change ⬩ alter ⬩ convert ⬩ to translate ⬩ interpret ⬩ to move one's self ⬩ take one's way ⬩ go ⬩ proceed ⬩ wend ⬩ To wend ⬩ go ⬩ proceed

Entry preview:

Cf. wending, I Ðæt wérige mód wendaþ ða gyltas swíðe mid sorgum caeca scelerum mergit vertigine mentem Dóm. L. 244. Se ðe wende wriþan Exon. Th. 440, 19; Rä. 60, 5.

Linked entries: a-wendan be-wendan wendere

LǼDAN

(v.)
Grammar
LǼDAN, p. de; pp. lǽded, lǽd

TO LEAD ⬩ conduct ⬩ take ⬩ carry ⬩ bring ⬩ bring forth ⬩ produce

Entry preview:

Fox 7, 80; Met. 7, 40] duces serenus ævum, Bt. 12; Fox. 36, 24, Se blinda gyf hé blindne lǽt cæcus si cæco ducatum præstet, Mt. Kmbl. 15, 14. Lét, Dóm. L. 18, 294. Se ðe nimeþ ł lǽdeþ synne middangeardes qui tollit peccatum mundi, Jn. Skt.

Linked entry: be-lǽdan

here

(n.)

an army ⬩ an army ⬩ a host ⬩ a division of an army ⬩ army corps ⬩ legion ⬩ cohort ⬩ troop ⬩ infantry ⬩ cavalry ⬩ an army ⬩ an army ⬩ multitude ⬩ host ⬩ crowd ⬩ multitude ⬩ harrying ⬩ devastation ⬩ plundering ⬩ ravaging

Entry preview:

Hé þá mǽgðe mid grimme wæle and herige on gebraec prouinciam illam saeua caede ac depopulatione attriuit, Bd. 4, 15; Sch. 423, 10. The word occurs in many proper names

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