Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

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gearwian

(v.)
Entry preview:

Georwigað (gearuas, L.) ús eóstru ꝥte wé ete, 22, 8. to bring to completion or maturity Se háta sumor drýgþ and gearwaþ sǽd and bléda, Bt. 39, 13; F. 234, 15. <b>III a.

ealdian

(v.)
Entry preview:

Add: to grow old, be old Ic wæs geong and nú ic ealdige junior fui, etenim senui, Ps. Th. 36, 24. Ðonne hé ealdað cum senuerit, Kent. Gl. 815. Þonne se sunu wyxð, þonne ealdað se fæder, Hml. Th. i. 278, 25. Ic aldade senui, Ps. Srt. 36, 25.

hruse

(n.)
Grammar
hruse, an; f.

The earth ⬩ ground

Entry preview:

For ansýne écean Drihtnes heofonas droppetaþ hrusan forhtiaþ terra motu est; etenim cæli distillaverunt a facie Dei, Ps. Th. 67, 9. Heofenas blissiaþ hrusan swylce gefeóþ lætentur cæli et exultet terra, 95, 11.

heonan

afterwards ⬩ from now

Entry preview:

Heonon forð on écnesse (iam non amplius in aeternum) ne ete ǽnig mann wæstm of þé, Mk. II. 14. Gif hwá heonan forð ǽnigne man ofsleá, Ll. Th. i. 248, 2: Hml. S. 7, 371. Forð heonon, Exod. 287.

ǽr

(adv.; con.)
Grammar
ǽr, adv.

early ⬩ expressing readiness, quickness, soon ⬩ earlier, before ⬩ previously, beforehand ⬩ sooner ⬩ before ⬩ sooner ⬩ first

Entry preview:

S. 31, 788. making present perfect and preterite pluperfect :-- Redic ete ǽr, ne mæg ðé nán man áttre áwyrdan if you have eaten radish, nobody can injure yon by poison, Lch. ii. 110, 10.

tó-bregdan

(v.)
Grammar
tó-bregdan, -brédan; p. -brægd, -brǽd, pl. -brugdon, -brúdon (-brudon ?); pp. -brogden, -bróden (-broden ? in O. and N. tobrode rimes with unsode).

to separate (trans.) by a quick movement, ⬩ to pull to pieces (lit. and fig. ) ⬩ to pull apart ⬩ to separate (intrans.) by a quick movement, ⬩ to break off, ⬩ start from sleep, ⬩ to awake ⬩ to separate by making a quick movement with something

Entry preview:

Hi eteþ flesch unsode swich wulves hadde hit tobrode, O. and N. 1008. The fend him tobrayd ilium daemonium dissipavit, Wick. Lk. 9, 42. He tobraide his clothes, Gow. ii. 53, 11

wirnan

(v.)
Grammar
wirnan, p. de.

to refuse ⬩ refrain from granting ⬩ to prevent ⬩ prohibit ⬩ keep from

Entry preview:

Georne is tó wyrnanne bearneácenum wífe, ðæt hió áht sealtes ete oððe swétes, Lchdm. ii. 330, 6. Grammar wirnan, with acc. See II b

Linked entries: wyrnan wernan

tilung

(n.)
Grammar
tilung, teolung, tiolung, tielung, e; f.

striving, ⬩ endeavour, ⬩ effort, ⬩ labour ⬩ a pursuit ⬩ occupation ⬩ employment ⬩ business ⬩ care ⬩ attention ⬩ treatment ⬩ cure ⬩ gain that comes from labour ⬩ acquisition ⬩ fruit got by tilling the earth

Entry preview:

Ete ælþeódig folc ðíne tilinga fructus terras et omnes labores tuos comedat populus quem ignoras, Deut. 28, 33. Ǽgðer ge earm ge eádig, ðe ǽnige teolunga (tylunge, MS. F.) hæbbe, gelǽste Gode his teóðunga, L. Edg. S. 1; Th. i. 272, 1.

Linked entries: teolung tylung

eáster

Entry preview:

., Eóstru, R.) ete, Mk. 14, 12. of the Christian festival, Easter In swá hálgum dæge þǽre Eástron (þára Eástrena, v. l. ), Gr. D. 308, 24. &#39;Arís . . . nú tó dæg wǽron Eástran&#39; . . .

GEONG

(adj.)
Grammar
GEONG, giong, geng, ging, giung, iung, gung; def. se geonga, seó, ðæt geonge; comp. geongra, gingra, gyngra; superl. gingest, gingst; adj.

YOUNG, youthful, new, recent, fresh ⬩ jŭvĕnis, adolescens, nŏvellus, rĕcens ⬩ young

Entry preview:

Geongra ic wæs, witendlíce ic ealdode jūnior fui, etenim sĕnui, Ps. Spl. C. 36, 26. Gingra bróðor a younger brother, Exon. 130 a; Th. 499, 2, note; Rä. 88, 9. Seó gingre the younger, Cd. 123; Th. 158, 5; Gen. 2612. Ic gyngra wæs jūnior fui, Ps.

be-healdan

(v.)
Entry preview:

Behealdað ðæt Adam ne ete of ðám treówe, Hex. 26, 15. Behaldas attendite, Mt. L. 6, 1. Tó behaldenne cavendum, 16, 12. Tó behaldanne evitandum, Lk. p. 7, 15. to behold, intrans. To look Gif se yrðlincg behylt underbæc, Hml. S. 16, 178.

mǽl

(n.)
Grammar
mǽl, mál, mél, es; n. m. (?)

a measure ⬩ a mark ⬩ sign ⬩ cross ⬩ crucifix ⬩ fixed, suitable, appointed time ⬩ season ⬩ occasion ⬩ the time for eating ⬩ a meal

Entry preview:

Yfel biþ ðæt man rihtfæstentíde ǽr mǽle ete, L. C. S. 47; Th. i. 402, 24: Homl. Th. ii. 590, 25.

Linked entries: mál grǽg-mǽl fót-mǽlum

hund

Entry preview:

Þæt flǽsc þæt wildro ábiton ne ete gé, ac worpað hit hundum (cf. the rendering of this passage in Ll.

ge

and ⬩ even ⬩ even ⬩ both . . . and . . . ⬩ and

Entry preview:

Th. ii. 372, 17. ge furþum even Ge furþon etenim Ps. Th. 40, 9. Bió ðé uníðe tó clipianne, ge furðum ðína ágna sprǽca, Past. 385, 11 : 241, 1. Hé hét ofsleán ealle þá wísestan witan, ge furþon his ágene módor . . . ge furðon his ágen wíf hé ofslóg.

hwæt

(adv.; int.)
Grammar
hwæt, adv. or interjection.
Entry preview:

Hwæt hé is God mín etenim ipse est Deus meus, Ps. Th. 61, 2, 6. Hwæt wé witan nouimus namque, Bd. 1, 27; Sch. 81, 21. And hwæt þá se ylca God manna cynn ádwǽscan ne wolde quia itaque isdem Deus humanum genus exstinguere noluit, 77, 12.

swíðe

(adv.)
Grammar
swíðe, adv.
Entry preview:

Seóð swýþe and ete swýþe cook thoroughly and eat largely, 82, 1. Ðæt Drihten swóre áð swíðe solemnly swore an oath, Wulfst. 209, 27. Ðæt wé his tó suíðe ne gítseden, Past. 3; Swt. 33, 18. Drihten is þearle swíþe tó herienne, Lchdm. iii. 436, 18.

Linked entry: swíðor

rǽd

(n.)
Grammar
rǽd, es; m.
Entry preview:

Gif þeów ete his sylfes rǽde if a slave eat flesh during a fast of his own accord (i. e. when his master does not give the meat. v. the paragraph which precedes), L. Wih. 15; Th. i. 40, 11. Ráde, 10; Th. i. 38, 21.

Linked entry: rád

samod

(adv.)
Grammar
samod, adv.

Together. ⬩ and, both . . . and, also, too

Entry preview:

Cwom samod mid ðám swylce Assur etenim Assur simul venit cum illis, Ps. Th. 82. 7. Ða ðe someð mið hine ástigun quae simul cum eo ascenderant, Mk. Skt. Rush. 15, 41.

ÁN

(n.; num.; adj.; pronoun.)

ONE ⬩ unus ⬩ una ⬩ unum ⬩ alone ⬩ only ⬩ sole ⬩ another ⬩ solus ⬩ alius ⬩ sole ⬩ alone of its kind ⬩ singular ⬩ unique ⬩ without an equal ⬩ unicus ⬩ eximius ⬩ a certain one ⬩ some one ⬩ quidam ⬩ a ⬩ an ⬩ a ⬩ an ⬩ each ⬩ every one ⬩ all ⬩ unus-quisque ⬩ una-quæque ⬩ unum-quodque ⬩ One ⬩ other

Entry preview:

Ete ǽnne and ǽnné let him eat one and another, one after another, Herb. 1, 20; Lchdm. i. 76, 24. On án in one, continually, ever, Gen. 7, 12: Cd. 140; Th. 175, 9; Gen. 2892

Linked entries: ǽn ain án ána án-for-lǽtan ánga án-ne ánra ánra-gehwá feáwa for án

for-

(prefix)
Grammar
for-, is used in composition in Anglo-Saxon exactly as the English for: it often deteriorates, or gives an opposite sense, or gives strength to the words before which it is placed; in which case it may be compared with Gothic fra-, Dutch and German ver- [different from the Dutch voor, and German vor]. Forbeódan to forbid; fordéman to condemn; forcúþ perverse, corrupt; fordón to destroy, to do for. — Sometimes fór denotes an increase of the signification of the word before which it is placed, and is then generally to be in English very; valde, as fó;r-eáde very easily,
  • Homl. Th. ii. 138, 35
: fór-oft very often,
  • Bd. de nat. rerum
    • ;
  • Wrt. popl. science 11, 8
    • ;
  • Lchdm. iii. 256, 16.
For- and fór-, or fóre- are often confounded, though they are very different in meaning; as forseón [Flem. versien] to overlook, despise; fór- or fóreseón [Flem. veursien] to foresee. — If a word, having for, fór or fóre prefixed, cannot be found under for-, fór- or fóre-, it must be sought under the simple term, and the sense of the preposition added; thus, fór- or fóre-sendan is from sendan to send, and fór-, fóre before, to send before, etc. [On the vowel in for, fore, see remark in the preface.]

Linked entries: scrífan scyldigian síðian -witol -wríþan stalian swelgan swígan swigian swíðan syngian trúwian þeahtung þeón þingian meltan myrþrian nefa pyndan of-drincan -sáwenlic scirian seáþ -wyrpness setness -sewen -sewenlic -sewenlíce -sewenness síþ stregdan teón treddan trúwung weorþan manig micel nǽman neáh irman þrǽstness witig wlencan wrégan wundian wyrht brítan fær- feallan fyllan gǽgan gǽgednes

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