Bosworth Toller's

Anglo-Saxon

Dictionary online

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BRECAN

(v.)
Grammar
BRECAN, ic brece, ðú bricest, bricst, he briceþ, bricþ, pl. brecaþ; p. ic, he bræc, ðú brǽce, pl. brǽcon; pp. brocen.

to BREAK, burst, violate break or burst through; ⬩ frangere, confringere, rumpere, perfringere, perrurnpere ⬩ to press, force, urge; ⬩ urgere ⬩ to rush into ⬩ take ⬩ by storm ⬩ in locum irrumpere, expugnare, ⬩ erumpere, prorumpere, crepare, fremere ⬩ to break ⬩ burst forth ⬩ make a noise ⬩ crash ⬩ to sail; ⬩ navigare ⬩ To retch; ⬩ screare

Entry preview:

Seó wiht, gif hió gedýgeþ, dúna briceþ the creature, if it escape, will burst the hills, Exon. 109 b; Th. 420, 6; Rä. 39, 6. Him egsa becom ðá déma duru in helle bræc dread came over them when the judge burst the doors in hell.

Linked entries: ǽ-brec hús-brice brǽce brec breca brece

sceatt

(n.)
Grammar
sceatt, es ; m.

property, goods, wealth, treasure ⬩ price, gift, bribe, tax, tribute, money, goods ⬩ a coin

Entry preview:

Nys unc sceattes wiht tó mete gemearcod, 50, 24; Gen. 813. Nǽron hí bescyrede sceattes willan non sunt fraudati a desiderio suo, Ps. Th. 77, 29.

Linked entry: sceat

ge-ban

(n.)
Grammar
ge-ban, -bann, -benn, es; n.

a command ⬩ ordinance ⬩ decree ⬩ proclamation ⬩ mandātum ⬩ stătūtum ⬩ decrētum ⬩ the indiction ⬩ indictio ⬩ edictum

Entry preview:

Wih. pref; Th. i. 36. 4-7. Thus, Wihtrǽd began to reign A. D. 691; add 5 years, this gives A.

Linked entries: ban ge-benn ge-bonn ge-bonn-gér

secgan

(v.)
Grammar
secgan, secgean, secggan, secggean, sæcgan ; p. sægde, sǽde; pp. sægd, sǽd. [Forms as from an infin. sagian—sagast, sagaþ ; p. sagode; imp. saga, are given here.]
Entry preview:

Th. 162, 2 ; Gen. 2675. (1 a) where the written form of a word is referred to :-- Ic mæg þurh rúnstafas secgan naman ðara wihta, Exon.

Linked entries: ǽrend-secgan sæcgan sagian

for-

(prefix)
Grammar
for-, is used in composition in Anglo-Saxon exactly as the English for: it often deteriorates, or gives an opposite sense, or gives strength to the words before which it is placed; in which case it may be compared with Gothic fra-, Dutch and German ver- [different from the Dutch voor, and German vor]. Forbeódan to forbid; fordéman to condemn; forcúþ perverse, corrupt; fordón to destroy, to do for. — Sometimes fór denotes an increase of the signification of the word before which it is placed, and is then generally to be in English very; valde, as fó;r-eáde very easily,
  • Homl. Th. ii. 138, 35
: fór-oft very often,
  • Bd. de nat. rerum
    • ;
  • Wrt. popl. science 11, 8
    • ;
  • Lchdm. iii. 256, 16.
For- and fór-, or fóre- are often confounded, though they are very different in meaning; as forseón [Flem. versien] to overlook, despise; fór- or fóreseón [Flem. veursien] to foresee. — If a word, having for, fór or fóre prefixed, cannot be found under for-, fór- or fóre-, it must be sought under the simple term, and the sense of the preposition added; thus, fór- or fóre-sendan is from sendan to send, and fór-, fóre before, to send before, etc. [On the vowel in for, fore, see remark in the preface.]

Linked entries: scrífan scyldigian síðian -witol -wríþan stalian swelgan swígan swigian swíðan syngian trúwian þeahtung þeón þingian meltan myrþrian nefa pyndan of-drincan -sáwenlic scirian seáþ -wyrpness setness -sewen -sewenlic -sewenlíce -sewenness síþ stregdan teón treddan trúwung weorþan manig micel nǽman neáh irman þrǽstness witig wlencan wrégan wundian wyrht brítan fær- feallan fyllan gǽgan gǽgednes

íg

(n.)
Grammar
íg, [Besides íg there seems to be a form íge; m. e. g. on Meldaníge eástewerdne, C. D. v. 303, 2. Of eallum Lindesíge (v. Lindes), Bd. 3, 11; Sch. 237, 10. In insula quae dicitur Seolesíge, C. D. v. 41, 27: 52, 10. Moreover there are instances of íg in the accusative, e. g. Wið-westan hunddes-íg (cf. tó hu[u]ddes-íge, 5), C. D. v. 298, 7. On swannes-íg, vi. 108, I : such forms seem to belong neither to íg; f. nor to íge; m., jó-, ja- stems respectively.]
Entry preview:

The word occurs in place-names Locum qui apud Anglos nuncupatur Ceroteég, id est Cirotis insula,C. D. ii. 122, 27. Hengestes-íg, v. 401, 26. On Beferíge; ðonne on Fyrsíge, 300, 17. On meldaníge . . . tó Ceólesíge, 303, 2-3. Ðis sind ðá landgemǽra tó Gósíge

teóna

(n.)
Grammar
teóna, an; m.
Entry preview:

Ne him wiht gescód ðæs ðe hý him tó teónan þurhtogen hæfdon, Exon. Th. 127, 36; Gú. 397: 269, 30; Jul. 458. Ðæt behýded wæs tó teónan cristenum folce the cross had been hidden to the detriment of Christians, Elen. Kmbl. 1973; El. 988.

Linked entry: teóne

wǽta

(n.)
Grammar
wǽta, an; m.:wǽte, an; f.

wet, moisture ⬩ a liquid ⬩ a liquid that may be drunkor used in cookery, medicine,etc., liquor, drink ⬩ moisture in an animal body, humour ⬩ water, urine ⬩ moisture of plants, juice, sap

Entry preview:

Wǽtan heó ne swelgeþ, ne wiht iteþ, Exon. Th. 439, 27; Rä. 59, 10. Tó leohtum drence ( a number of plants then follow), tó wǽtan (for liquor) healf háligwæter, healf eala, Lchdm. ii. 274, 4. Gif mon sié mid wǽtan forbærned, 324, 14.

Linked entries: wǽt wǽte

BRÁD

(adj.)
Grammar
BRÁD, def. se bráda, seó, ðæt bráde ; comp. m.brádra, f.n. brádre,brǽdre; superl. brádost; adj.

BROAD open, large, spacious, copious ⬩ latus, expansus, amplus, spatiosus, copiosus

Entry preview:

BROAD open, large, spacious, copious; latus, expansus, amplus, spatiosus, copiosus Ðæt eálond on Wiht is twelf míla brád the isle of Wight is twelve miles broad, Bd. 1, 3;S. 475, 19: Ors. 1, 1;Bos. 21, 4, 5,6 Wæs his ríce brád his kingdom was broad,

Linked entries: brǽd bréd bréden

on-wendan

(v.)

to turn, change ⬩ to change one thing for another, to exchange ⬩ to turn, change a direction, to avert, divert, turn aside ⬩ to change the position of a thing, to invert, turn upside down, ⬩ to subvert, disturb, upset ⬩ to cause to change for the worse, to give a wrong direction, pervert ⬩ To return

Entry preview:

Sibb áfre ne mæg wiht onwendan ðam ðe wel þenceþ nothing can destroy the ties of kindred in the case of a right-minded man, Beo. Th. 5195; B. 2601. Hé ( Julian ) wolde ðone Cristendóm onwendan, Ors. 6, 31; Swt. 286, 3.

Linked entries: and-wendan aweg-onwendan on-wendness

swǽs

(adj.)
Grammar
swǽs, adj.
Entry preview:

Wih. 4; Th. i. 38, 2. Biþ him self sunu and swǽs fæder and eác yrfeweard ipsa sibi proles, suus est pater et suus haeres Exon. Th. 224, 13; Ph. 375. Ic and mín swǽs fæder, Elen. Kmbl. 1032; El. 517. Mín ðæt swǽse bearn! (cf. mín ðæt leófe bearn!

Linked entries: swáse swés

hiw

(adj.)
Grammar
hiw, l. híw,

shape ⬩ form ⬩ shape ⬩ figure ⬩ a form ⬩ shape ⬩ writing ⬩ appearance ⬩ aspect ⬩ colour ⬩ form ⬩ kind ⬩ nature ⬩ character ⬩ formula ⬩ form ⬩ type ⬩ model ⬩ a pretex ⬩ a fancy ⬩ a kind ⬩ species

Entry preview:

L. 3, 22. a figure: Hé geseah ealra wihta ... híw in cuman variorum monstrorum diversas figuras introire prospicit, Guth.

mearc

(n.)
Grammar
mearc, e; f.

a limit ⬩ bound ⬩ term ⬩ a limit ⬩ boundary ⬩ a boundary ( = gemǽre) of a particular estate ⬩ a boundary ⬩ confine of a district ⬩ border ⬩ the territory within the boundaries ⬩ fines

Entry preview:

Wih. 8; Th, i. 38, 17. (Thorpe in the last two examples would take mearc to be the limit of an estate.) Ðú symle furðor feohtan sóhtest mǽl ofer mearce, Wald. 1, 33; Vald. 1, 19.

HÝD

(n.)
Grammar
HÝD, e; f.

HIDE ⬩ skin

Entry preview:

Wih. 13: 15: 10; Th. i. 40, S. 11: 38, 22. Gif hwá his hýde forwyrce and cirican geierne síe him sió swingelle forgifen if any one be liable to flogging [lit. forfeit his hide] and escape into a church, let the scourging be forgiven him, L.

Linked entry: hýd-gild

hér

here . . . there

Entry preview:

Nú hæbbe ic his hér on handa, 678: Vald. 2, 18. on earth, in this world or life Ne wæs hér þá giét nymðe heolstersceado wiht geworden, Gen. 103. Ǽghwilc man sceolde mid sáre on þás world cuman, and hér on sorhgum beón, Bl. H. 5, 28.

reccan

(v.)
Grammar
reccan, p. reahte, rehte.
Entry preview:

Rece, wísworda gleáw, hwæt sió wiht síe, Exon. Th. 455, 19; Rä. 33, 13. Hér begann se deófol tó reccanne hálige gewritu and hé leáh mid ðære race here the devil began to expound holy writ, and he was false in his exposition, Homl. Th. i. 170, 4.

Linked entries: and-reccan be-reccan ge-reccan

sittan

(v.)
Grammar
sittan, p. sæt, pl. sǽton ; pp. seten.
Entry preview:

S. 74; Th. i. 416, 6. with the idea of oppression (cf. colloquial to sit on a person, Icel. sitja á sér to restrain one's self), to sit or bear heavy on, weigh, press, rest Ne mé wiht an siteþ egesan áwiht ǽniges mannes nou timebo quid faciat mihi homo

Linked entries: a-sittan blód-setenn

CWEÐAN

(v.)
Grammar
CWEÐAN, to cweðanne; part. cweðende ; ic cweðe, ðú cweðest, cweðst, cwæðst, cwiðst, cwyðst, cwíst, cwýst, he cweðeþ; cweþ, cwiþ, cwyþ, pl. cweðaþ ; p. ic, he cwæþ, ðú cwǽde , pl. cwǽdon; impert. ¨ cweþ, cweðe , pl. cweðaþ, cweðe; subj. cweðe, pl. cweðen; p. cwǽde, pl. cwǽden ; pp. cweden

To say, speak, call, proclaim ⬩ dicere, loqui, vocare, indicere

Entry preview:

Ne cwæþ ic wiht I spake not aught, 125a; Th. 482, 1; Rä. 66, 1: Bt. Met. Fox 10, 69; Met. 10, 35. Drihten cwæþ word to Noe the Lord spake words to Noah, Cd. 74; Th. 91, 11; Gen. 1510: Beo. Th. 5318; B. 2662: Andr. Kmbl. 658; An. 329.

Linked entries: a-cweðan cwýst ðú

hefig

ponderous ⬩ dense ⬩ weighty ⬩ important ⬩ grave ⬩ severe ⬩ serious ⬩ deep ⬩ profound ⬩ mist ⬩ fog ⬩ cloud ⬩ slow ⬩ dull ⬩ troublesome ⬩ oppressive ⬩ onerous ⬩ burdensome ⬩ oppressive ⬩ grievous ⬩ difficult ⬩ laborious ⬩ toilsome ⬩ overpowering ⬩ weariness

Entry preview:

Wiht hafað hefigne steort, Rä. 59, 7. a. fig. Hiá gebindas byrðenna hefiga (hæfige, R.) in scyldrum monna, Mt.

Linked entry: hefe-lic

feor

(adv.)
Grammar
feor, adv.

avoidance ⬩ widely ⬩ widely ⬩ far ⬩ far

Entry preview:

Nó hé wiht fram mé feor fleótan meahte, B. 542. Hé hine feor forwræc mancynne fram, 109.

Linked entries: fier firr fyr

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